토공(土孔) 및 광산장비 소개

토공 및 광산장비 (Earthmoving and Mining equipment)

This earthmoving and mining equipment section lists equipment that has been designed primarily to move earth and minerals in large earthmoving and mining projects.
Some of this equipment finds it place in other applications, however, and the use of bulldozers and articulated trucks on road and highway projects are just a couple of examples.

One area of surface mining includes giant machines such as drills, electric shovels and giant draglines, some of which have buckets that are capable of moving 160 cubic yards of material in one scoop.
Although somewhat smaller than the electric shovel or especially the giant dragline, the mass excavator also fits here, which is basically a large version of the excavator that is used more for

mass excavation than for more limited exaction or trenching.

Underground mining equipment is aimed at moving material in a very headroom and space environment.
You will notice similarities with some of the surface mining equipment as well as some very specialized pieces developed specifically for the underground mining application.

Articulating Truck

An articulated dump truck has a hinge between the cab and the dump box, but is distinct from semi trailer trucks in that the cab is a permanent fixture, not a separable vehicle. Steering is accomplished via hydraulic rams that pivot the entire cab, rather than rack and pinion steering on the front axle. This vehicle is highly adaptable to rough terrain.

Wheeled

Many wheel dozers were developed from wheel loaders by fitting a dozer blade in place of the loader arms and bucket.

This adaptation was only a success where the machine was used for light-duty tasks.

The first large rubber-tired dozer suitable for earth­moving applications were those produced by none other than earthmoving pioneer R.G. LeTourneau, beginning in 1947. He developed four sizes known as the Models A, B, C, and Tournadozers.

Cable/Hammer tractor

A cable tractor is a machine used for pulling cables which either can be an electrical cable for a mine shovel or wire ropes during a shovel rope change

Dragline

A dragline excavator is a piece of equipment used in civil engineering and surface mining.
In civil engineering the smaller types are used as pile driving rigs. The larger types are used in strip-mining operations to move overburden above coal, and for tar-sand mining.
Draglines are amongst the largest mobile equipment ever built on land, and weigh in the vicinity of 2000 metric tonnes, though specimens weighing up to 13,000 metric tonnes have also been constructed.

Giant

Bucyrus-Erie

Drills
The purpose of drilling into rock is to provide a “blasthole” into which explosives can be loaded, and detonated

to make the site easier to work in.

End Dump
Off-road dump trucks are used strictly off-road for mining and heavy dirt hauling jobs. There are two primary forms: rigid frame and articulating frame.

The term ‘dump’ truck is not generally used by the mining industry, or by the manufacturers that build these machines.

The more appropriate term for this strictly off road vehicle is “haul truck” and the equivalent European term is ‘dumper’. The classification describes how loaded material is discharged from the dump body and in this case, the load is discharged from the rear.

Center Haul Units
An off-highway hauler that dumps its load through longitudinal gates in the bottom

of the bottom dump wagon.

Track Loaders

Wheel Loaders

Motor Grader

Mass Excavator

Scraper

Single-engine wheeled

Dual-engine wheeled

Elevating Scraper

Pull type

     CAT D10T pulling scraper

Shovel

Electric

Hydraulic

Undergrounding Mining

Continous Miner

Haul Truck

Personnel Carrier

Remix Truck

Scaler

Scaling is a key part in the mining cycle. Scaling is the taking down of loose material from the roof, face and rib

in hard rock mining.

Scissor lift

Scissor lifts are used as a safe way for workers in underground and surface operations to reach elevated work.

Scooptram

A rubber tired, battery or diesel-operated piece of equipment designed for cleaning runways and hauling supplies.

Shotcreter
Shotcreter is a mechanized shotcrete spraying system developed specifically for underground ground support applications. Shotcrete is concrete (or sometimes mortar) conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity onto

a surface, as a construction technique. Shotcrete undergoes placement and compaction at the same time due to the force with which it is projected from the nozzle.

Shuttle car
In room-and-pillar systems, electric-powered, rubber-tired vehicles called shuttle cars haul coal from the face

to the intermediate haulage system.

Transmixer

The transmixer sprays concrete in underground mines.

Water Truck

     Photo: Mine Rite Technologies, LLC